Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical
BACKGROUND:
Special services within public hospitals are becoming increasingly common in low and middle income countries with the stated objective of providing higher comfort services to affluent customers and generating resources for under funded hospitals.
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Brazil is rapidly becoming an influential player in development cooperation, also thanks to its high-visibility health projects in Africa and Latin America. The 4th High-level Forum on Aid Effectiveness held in Busan in late 2011 marked a change in the way development cooperation is conceptualised. The present paper explores the issue of emerging donors’ contribution to the post-Busan debate on aid effectiveness by looking at Brazil’s health cooperation projects in Portuguese-speaking Africa.
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BACKGROUND:
The debate over physicians’ geographical distribution has attracted the attention of the economic and public health literature over the last forty years. Nonetheless, it is still to date unclear what influences physicians’ location, and whether foreign physicians contribute to fill the geographical gaps left by national doctors in any given country.
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Pharmacists have experienced an expansion of their role in the last decades, developing the scope of
services offered. One challenge that pharmacists face when obtaining payment from patients is establishing a price for the service that is sufficient to support it, and is perceived as a good value by the patient. However, little research has been conducted on the costs of pharmaceutical services (PS) in Portugal. To accurately calculate costs it is important to use a costing methodology that supports itself on real-world data. This study describes the development and application of a Time-driven Activity Based Costing (TDABC) model in a sample of pharmacies in Portugal, with the objective of calculating the cost of the PS provided.
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BACKGROUND:
Health workers’ purchasing power is an important consideration in the development of strategies for health workforce development. This work explores the purchasing power variation of Mozambican public sector health workers, between 1999 and 2007. In general, the calculated purchasing power increased for most careers under study, and the highest percentage increase was observed for the lowest remuneration careers, contributing in this way for a relative reduction in the difference between the higher and the lower salaries.
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Until recently, consensus existed in certain circles that the African industry was not suitable for cost-effective production of quality, safe drugs. Yet, public and private pharmaceutical enterprises have cropped up on the continent, with some venturing into production of sophisticated and complex drugs, such as antiretrovirals (ARVs).
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Scarce evidence exists on the features, determinants and implications of physicians’ dual practice, especially in resource-poor settings. This study considered dual practice patterns in three African cities and the respective markets for physician services, with the objective of understanding the influence of local determinants on the practice.
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Despite the growing interest in the private health sector in low- and middle-income countries, little is known about physicians working outside the public sector. The present work adopts a mixed-methods approach to explore characteristics, working patterns, choices, and motivations of the physicians working exclusively for the private sector in the capital cities of Cape Verde, Guinea Bissau, and Mozambique.
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INSTITUTO DE HIGIENE E
MEDICINA TROPICAL
UNIVERSIDADE NOVA DE LISBOA
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medicina.viagens@ihmt.unl.pt