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Home / Archives for 2016

2016

Unmatched Case-Control Study on Late Presentation of HIV Infection in Santiago, Cape Verde

  • Autores: António L. Moreira, Gonçalo Figueiredo Augusto, Inês Fronteira, Maria Rosario O. Martins
  • Ano de Publicação: 2016
  • Journal: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
  • Link: http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/13/3/320

Access to free antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Sub-Saharan Africa has been steadily increasing over the past decade. However, the success of large-scale ART programmes depends on timely diagnosis and early initiation of HIV care. This study characterizes late presenters to HIV care in Santiago (Cape Verde) between 2004 and 2011, and identifies factors associated with late presentation for care. We defined late presentation as persons presenting to HIV care with a CD4 count below 350 cells/mm3.
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Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia: still a concern in patients with haematological malignancies and stem cell transplant recipients

  • Autores: a joint venture of The European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT), Alanio A, Bretagne S, Cesaro S, Cordonnier C, Donnelly JP, Einsele H, Hauser PM, Helweg-Larsen J, Lagrou K, Maertens J; Fifth European Conference on Infections in Leukemia (ECIL-5), Maschmeyer G, Matos O, Melchers WJ, The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), the Immunocompromised Host Society (ICHS) and The European LeukemiaNet (ELN)
  • Ano de Publicação: 2016
  • Journal: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
  • Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27550990

Pneumocystis jirovecii can cause life-threatening pneumonia following treatment for haematological malignancies or after HSCT. The mortality rate of P. jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) in these patients is 30%-60%, especially after HSCT. The clinical presentation of PCP in haematology differs from that associated with HIV infection, with the disease being acute and more often severe, having a lower fungal burden and being more frequently linked to treatment with corticosteroids.
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Multicentre study highlighting clinical relevance of new high-throughput methodologies in molecular epidemiology of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia

  • Autores: Antunes F, Badura R, BASSAT Q., CALDERÓN E. J., de Armas Y, de Sousa B, Esteves F, HUANG L., Maltez F, Matos O
  • Ano de Publicação: 2016
  • Journal: Clinical microbiology and infection
  • Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27021425

Pneumocystis jirovecii causes severe interstitial pneumonia (PcP) in immunosuppressed patients. This multicentre study assessed the distribution frequencies of epidemiologically relevant genetic markers of P. jirovecii in different geographic populations from Portugal, the USA, Spain, Cuba and Mozambique, and the relationship between the molecular data and the geographical and clinical information, based on a multifactorial approach.
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Implications of dual practice for universal health coverage

  • Autores: Barbara McPake, David Hipgrave, Giuliano Russo, James Campbell, Krishna Hort
  • Ano de Publicação: 2016
  • Journal: Bulletin of the World Health Organization
  • Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4750430/

Making progress towards universal health coverage (UHC) requires that health workers are adequate in numbers, prepared for their jobs and motivated to perform. In establishing the best ways to develop the health workforce, relatively little attention has been paid to the trends and implications of dual practice – concurrent employment in public and private sectors. We review recent research on dual practice for its potential to guide staffing policies in relation to UHC.
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Where health workforce governance research meets health services management

  • Autores: Batenburg R., Dussault G, Kuhlmann E.
  • Ano de Publicação: 2016
  • Journal: Health Services Management Research
  • Link: http://hsm.sagepub.com/content/early/2016/03/23/0951484816637747.full

A deficit of one million healthcare workers forecasted in the European Union by 2020 turns the ‘universal truth’ that there is ‘no health without a workforce’ into the perhaps biggest challenge for future healthcare systems and services management. We argue that effective healthcare management needs systematic connections with health workforce macro- and meso-levels of governance.
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Fluorimetric Methods for Analysis of Permeability, Drug Transport Kinetics, and Inhibition of the ABCB1 Membrane Transporter

  • Autores: Ana Armada, António Sebastião Rodrigues, Célia Martins, Gabriella Spengler, Joseph Molnar, Leonard Amaral, Miguel Viveiros
  • Ano de Publicação: 2016
  • Journal: Methods in molecular biology
  • Link: http://link.springer.com/protocol/10.1007%2F978-1-4939-3347-1_7

The cell membrane P-glycoprotein (P-gp; MDR1, ABCB1) is an energy-dependent efflux pump that belongs to the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family of transporters, and has been associated with drug resistance in eukaryotic cells. Multidrug resistance (MDR) is related to an increased expression and function of the ABCB1 (P-gp) efflux pump that often causes chemotherapeutic failure in cancer.
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